Washington fears Moscow is trying to exploit a surveillance treaty to gather vital intelligence on the United States.
Russia is expected to ask for permission to fly new high-tech surveillance planes over the United States.
The planes are equipped with high-powered digital cameras which US officials fear could be used to help Moscow gather sensitive intelligence.
Moscow is already allowed to send surveillance jets over the US under the Open Skies Treaty, which allows all 34 signatories, including Russia and the US to conduct unarmed observation flights.
The aim of the 2002 treaty is to boost transparency about military activity and help monitor arms control and other agreements.
But, US military and intelligence officials say they fear Russia is taking advantage.
"In addition to overflying military installations, Russian Open Skies flights can overfly and collect on Department of Defence and national security or national critical infrastructure," Haney said.
"The vulnerability exposed by exploitation of this data and costs of mitigation are increasingly difficult to characterise."
Meanwhile, Steve Rademaker, former assistant secretary of state for the bureau of arms control and the bureau of international security and nonproliferation, told Congress in October that Russia has adopted a number of measures that are inconsistent with the spirt" of the accord.
Russia, for example, has imposed restrictions on surveillance over Moscow.
But other officials have played down concerns, saying the correct precautions are in place to ensure all nations signed up to the treaty are protected.
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